30 December 2010

Getting Control of Your Acne

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Getting Control of Your Acne
There are many varieties of acne and many different treatment plans. Technically called acne vulgaris, this skin disease affects millions of Americans annually. Nearly 85% of people develop acne at some time between the ages of 12-25 years.
Almost everyone suffers from outbreaks of pimples at some point in life, making acne one of the most common skin disorders. Understanding the facts about acne may be the first step towards finding a successful acne treatment and controlling your acne. Many teenagers outgrow their acne, but it is common for some women to need treatment into their late thirties.

What Causes Acne?
No one knows for sure exactly what causes acne, or why it usually begins in adolescence. Since the medical knowledge about acne is still relatively small, many misconceptions and rumors about what causes acne exists. No one factor causes acne.
Acne lesions develop in the oil-producing structures of the skin called pilosebaceous follicles. Oil secretions build up beneath the blocked pore, providing a perfect environment for the skin bacteria Propionibacterium acnes to multiply uncontrolled. For unknown reasons skin cells of acne patients stick together in the pore (this may be made worse by grease, pomades, makeup, etc.).
Deeper still acne causes cysts which are the worst form of acne and carry the possibility of permanent scarring. Genetics also play a role in the development of acne and thus there is a tendency for the skin disease to run in families.
There are other skin disorders that may resemble acne, but are unrelated.

Acne and Bacteria
Pimples are often caused by Propionebacterium acnes, a common bacterium on the skin that feeds on sebum. The bacteria cause the surrounding tissues to become inflamed and acne is formed. The acne bacteria feeds off this mixture which leads to inflamed conditions.
Acne-causing bacteria are anaerobic, meaning they cannot survive in an oxygenated environment. Bacteria called Corynebacterium acnes, which cause skin fats to break down into irritating chemicals, can also directly contribute to an outbreak.

Acne in Teenagers
Due to the hormonal changes they experience, teenagers are more likely to develop acne. Most teens who develop acne have the milder form, called non- inflammatory acne. Hormonal disorders can complicate acne in girls.
If are a teenager and you have acne, you have a lot of company. About 80 percent of all teenagers develop acne, but the disease may also start as late as age 25 or 30, particularly in women.

Acne in Adults
Just when you thought your "bad skin" days were over, adult acne strikes. Just when you've successfully navigated the ravages of adolescence on your skin, you wake up and find acne.
There are various causes of adult acne. The new trend in medical circles is to discuss acne as a hormonal imbalance. Hormonal changes related to pregnancy or menstrual periods can cause or contribute to acne. Also, hormonal changes related to starting or stopping birth control pills can also cause acne. Excess emotional strain on the body can contribute to hormonal changes that have been known to cause acne as well. Adult acne is different from teenage acne and therefore your treatment approach should be different.

Severe Acne
Boys have more severe acne and develop it more often than girls. Severe acne can cause scars which will never disappear. All but the most severe grades of acne are controllable although not curable. The most severe type of acne consists of cysts (closed sacs) and nodules (hard swellings).
Vigorous treatment of more severe types of acne can help prevent facial scarring.

Treatment of Acne
There is a myriad of products sold for the treatment of acne, many of them without any scientifically proven effects. The primary products used to treat acne are a pharmaceutical grade glycolic acid solution and a topical antibiotic. By applying a chemical solution to the skin, known as a chemical peel, mild scarring and certain types of acne may be treated.
Non-prescription medications are available over the counter to treat mild forms of acne. Topical antibiotics are commonly used in the treatment of acne and are often prescribed along with a retinoid or benzoyl peroxide. Topical retinoids are used in the treatment of both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne.
The cost and duration of acne treatment with topical applications and oral antibiotics make standard therapy far from ideal. This is why researchers have been studying the effects of specific peak wavelengths of light in the treatment of acne, with very successful results.
Acne Medications Benzoyl peroxide inhibits the bacteria that cause acne. As with other acne medications, overexposure to extreme wind or cold or use of irritating skin care products may aggravate the skin.
Most acne medications only mask the symptoms of acne and do nothing to stop the real cause of acne. There are even herbal based acne medications, such as tea tree oil.
Today with proper treatment, acne can usually be dealt with successfully and controlled before it becomes totally unsightly. If a vigorous approach of study and application is made, the effects of acne can be greatly reduced and in some cases overcome entirely.

16 December 2010

235 de ani de la nasterea lui Jane Austin

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"Jane Austen (16 December 1775 – 18 July 1817) was an English novelist whose works of romantic fiction, set among the gentry, earned her a place as one of the most widely read writers in English literature, her realism and biting social commentary cementing her historical importance among scholars and critics."


Read more here and here

13 December 2010

Inceputului tinutelor sport pentru femei

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             La inceputul secolului XX nu au fost considerate importante pentru femei sa cistige la competitii sportiv si  asa ca astfel de  haine nu au fost proiectate sa dea liber miscarilor care sa le permita sa evolueze pe acest plan.
Pentru golf femeile purtau  bluze  adaptate  si fuste similare cu imbracamintea purtata pentru afaceri. Prin 1910 numai golful permitea  femeilor sa aiba extinderea pliuri in jos pe partile laterale i pentru a preveni ruperea hainelor in momentul « swingului ». Chiar si acele pliuri nu puteau fii decorate.
          Tweed1 era folosit in multe sporturi astfel ca puloverul de golf si-a facut drum in moda ca primul articol vestimentar casual.
pajamale la o fata
musulmana 1870
          Deja la inceputul anilor 20 femeile imbracate cu  pantaloni au devenit o moda acceptabile. Lucratorii din fabricile de munitie au purtat pantaloni lor sub salopeta si dupa Razboiul Mondial au tinut pantalonii de uzura private acasa. Mai tarziu, cand din pajamalele2  au fost purtate public pe litoral, pantaloni pentru femei au devenit o priveliste obisnuita, insa cu purtari foarte limitate la plaja si la plimbari.

http://www.fashion-era.com
          Femeile au purtat fuste lungi si restrictive, haine cu care sa joace tenis pana la 1910.  Moda aceasta este datata din 1895 si era considerate specifice pentru tenis. In 1922 Suzanne Lenglen a socat lumea cind s-a imbracat pentru un meci de tenis intr-o fusta scurta.  Ea si-a schimbat si palaria cu o bandana, ceea ce i-a permits sa vada efectiv ce se intimpla.  Prin anii 1930 capul neacoperit  era acceptabil pentru a  juca tenis. Chiar si mai socanta decit Lenglen a fost Alice Marble care a iesit pe teren imbracata cu pantaloni scurti albi in 1932. Ambele echipamente au fost considerat revoltatoare in momentul respectiv. In 1947 Teddy Tingling influentata de Dior,repune feminitatea in costumele de tenis. Actiunea in haine sport s-a stabilit in au. Jean Patou a revolutionat prin fuste sportive scurte si obisnuind oameni cu ideea.

http://www.fashion-era.com
          Schiul  era de sportul anilor 30 si hainele au fost proiectate pentru pante. Silueta era una lunga si subtirica. Pantalonii lungi norvegieni au fost purtate cu geci scurte cu umerii largi ca sa se poata purta pulovere dedesubt. Pantaloni nu s-au socotit acceptabile  pentru purtare zilnica pentru sport pina la jumatatea anilor 30.Pentru patinaj o fusta o fusta era intotdeauna o alegere populara. Prin 1936 femeile ai  inceput sa poarte pantaloni pentru orice ocazie in special in America, dar a fost nevoie de trei decenii ca  pantalonii intr-adevar sa cistiga putere  in fata purtarii fustei.

pajamale
         Spre sfirsitul anilor 30, femeile participau la o gama larga de sporturi cum ar fi schiul pe apa, golf, atletism, tenis, pescuit, alpinism, patinaj, precum si calarire si ciclismul care se considerau inca forme de transport. Incet-incet hainele sport au fost adaptate pentru a satisface nevoile reale ale femeilor active. Pentru tenis tinuta corecta era o fusta scurta, pentru golf jachetele in nuante puternice si fustele pliate isi gaseau locul, pentru vanat si pescuit erau jachete pliate si  fuste pliate.

       Functionalismul a devenit puternic asociat cu hainele sportive in anii' 50. Hainele aveau un rol si consumatorili au observat cit de folositoare  erau caracteristicile lor in viata cotidiana. Gluga hanoracele pentru vremea umeda au fost o mare caracteristica de la inceputul anilor saizeci.
       Marea disponibilitate de marfuri in anii '50 insemna ca de acum  consumatorii au optiuni. Costumele rigide sportive dispareau. Lookul  era mai putin important ca ca faptul ca hainele ofereau un mod de a ramane in caldura, nu a fii ud, iar dupa 1960 s-au facut eforturi mari de a produce haine potrivite pentru diferite ocazii sportive.

1 Tweed is a rough, unfinished woollen fabric, of a soft, open, flexible texture resembling cheviot or homespun, but more closelywoven. It is made in either plain or twill weave and may have a check or herringbone pattern. Subdued, interesting colour effects (heather mixtures) are obtained by twisting together differently coloured woolen strands into a two- or three-ply yarn. Tweeds are desirable for informal outerwear, being moisture-resistant and durable. Once worn in, tweeds are commonly worn for outdoor activities such as shooting and hunting, in both Ireland and the United Kingdom - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tweed_(cloth)
2 Pajamas, also spelled pyjamas can refer to several related types of clothing. The original paijama are loose, lightweight trousers fitted with drawstring waistbands and worn in South and West Asia by both sexes. In many English-speaking nations, pajamas are loose-fitting, two-piece garments derived from the original garment and worn chiefly for sleeping, but sometimes also for lounging, also by both sexes - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pajamas
*Dupa un articol de Pauline Weston Thomas http://www.fashion-era.com/sports_fashion_until_1960.htm